Pancreatitis is a condition in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain etiological factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to damage to pancreatic cells.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by acute, severe pain that, if not treated promptly, can result in the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a girdling character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo or hypertension) are observed, and the patient's general condition worsens.It becomes pale and subsequently the skin acquires an earth-gray tint.Jaundice may be seen in cholecystitis and pancreatitis due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and belching and nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period, constant vomiting is observed.The loss of electrolytes leads to clammy sweat, shortness of breath, and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food residue and a bad odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the belly button.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he should be immediately taken to the hospital.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (prevent swelling of the pancreas and help quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy will be carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.It is allowed to take only mineral water or rosehip decoction.In the future, low-calorie foods will be gradually introduced into the diet while excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It develops based on the patient's condition.The diet when acute inflammation subsides includes the following:
- provide the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increase the amount of vitamins;
- reduce the quantity or completely eliminate substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty, alcohol, seasonings and canned food;
- a diet for pancreatitis involves chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60-65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of intense pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed within 1 - 2 days;
- for pancreatitis and gastritis, food refusal can reduce mucosal irritation.
Authorized products
If the pancreas is damaged, patients' diet may include:
- from dairy products: kefir, non-acid cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of soufflé or puree;
- zander, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- grated vegetables, which should first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or slightly dry bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelettes;
- for patients suffering from pancreatitis it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fats;
- The recommended cereals are oats, buckwheat and semolina;
- as fruit you can eat unsweetened cooked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Example menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with croutons, steamed meat soufflé, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelette in the amount of 110 g, steamed, composed;
- 250 g of fish rolls and tea;
- curdled milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- oatmeal soup (about 250 g), as well as meat soufflé (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelette;
- ricotta soufflé;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat soufflé, tea;
- cheese;
- oatmeal soup and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelette;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- curdled milk.
Dietary meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be minimized to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is advisable not to stew or cook meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.Lean fish dishes are also prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it pure in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.Also, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Products made from rye flour are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of dishes?
Each day patients should receive approximately 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugars.The total energy value of foods consumed during the day should average 2600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its protein, carbohydrate and fat content, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with its help that the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require adequate dietary nutrition is compiled.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, the most effective are the following:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and accompany it with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which you need to take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin is useful.
- It is useful to drink a solution of mumiyo every evening for 10 consecutive days, one hour after meals (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) at night, after having dissolved them in 100 ml of heated milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are marigold flowers, marshmallow root, blueberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood herb and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up your recovery.You need to put a kilogram of lemons, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you start taking a teaspoon.With chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind the chicory root, pour boiling water over it, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are advised to perform special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently draw in your stomach, and then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you should inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and inflate your stomach strongly, then relax.The exercises should be performed in a lying position three times a day, carrying out 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the outflow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis one should not resort to traditional methods, since the patient must be provided with immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease could be fatal.